SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online

 
vol.3 número3Diferenças entre géneros nas habilidades: correr, saltar, lançar e pontapearAnalise factorial confirmatória da versão portuguesa do CSAI-2 índice de autoresíndice de assuntosPesquisa de artigos
Home Pagelista alfabética de periódicos  

Serviços Personalizados

Journal

Artigo

Indicadores

Links relacionados

  • Não possue artigos similaresSimilares em SciELO

Compartilhar


Motricidade

versão impressa ISSN 1646-107X

Motri. v.3 n.3 Santa Maria da Feira jul. 2007

 

A relação entre a percepção de competência física, índice de massa corporal e competência efectiva em jovens praticantes de Basquetebol

 

Sandro Ferreira

Hélder M. Fernandes

José Vasconcelos Raposo

 

FCT - Centro de Estudos em Desenvolvimento Humano, Actividade Física e Saúde

 

RESUMO

Este estudo tem como objectivos: (i) explorar as relações entre o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e a percepção de competência física (PCF e/ou a Competência Efectiva em Basquetebol CEB; (ii) perceber a relação entre a PCF e a CEB, e (ii) determinar quais são as fontes de informação que os jovens utilizam para determinar a percepção de competência física.

Para tal, foi aplicado a 156 jovens estudantes com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e 18 anos (M=14.36; SD=1.76), a subescala de percepção de competência física (SPCF), a escala de informação de competência física (PCIS) e um protocolo para a competência efectiva em Basquetebol.

Os principais resultados revelaram: (i) diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre sexos para o IMC, apresentando os rapazes valores médios mais elevados; (ii) média superior dos rapazes superior às raparigas, para a PCF e CEB; (iii) diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre sexos para os seguintes factores do PCIS: negativismo pré-competitivo e atracção pelo Desporto; e, (iv) diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as diferentes faixas etárias para o factor avaliação dos pais.

Palavras chave: Percepção de competência física, IMC, Basquetebol

 

Relatioships between physical aptitude perception, body mass index and true aptitude in young basketball players

ABSTRACT

The purposes of this study were: (i) explore the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Perceived Physical Competence (PPC), and/or Effective Basketball Competence (ECB); (ii) understand the relationship between PPC and ECB; and, (iii) establish the sources of information that the young use to define the PPC.

A sample of 156 physical education students, with ages ranging from 12 to 18 years (M=14.36; SD=1.76), completed the perception of physical competence subscale (PPCS) and the physical competence source’s subscale (PCSS). They also realized a protocol to measure effective competence in Basketball.

The main results revealed: (i) significant differences between boys and girls, while comparing BMI, with higher mean scores for boys; (ii) higher mean scores of PPC and BEC for boys; (iii) significant differences for the following constructs of the PCSS: pre-competition anxiety and sport attraction; and, (iv) significant differences between different groups of ages, for parent’s evaluation factor.

Key words: Physical aptitude perception, body mass index, Basketball

 

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text only available in PDF format.

 

REFERÊNCIAS

1. Allen, J.B. & Howe, B.L. (1998). Player ability, coach feedback and female adolescent athletes’ perceived competence and satisfaction. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 20, 280-299.        [ Links ]

2. Ames, C. (1992). Achievement goals, motivational climate and motivational processes. In G.C. Roberts (Ed.), Motivation in Sport and Exercise (pp. 161-176). Champaign: Human Kinetics.

3. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioural change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.

4. Barata, T. (1997). Actividade Física e Medicina Moderna. Lisboa: Europress.

5. Black, S.J. & Weiss, M.R. (1992). The relationship among perceived coaching behaviours, perceptions of ability and motivation in competitive age-group swimmers. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 14, 309-325.

6. Block, J.H. & Block, J. (1980). The role of ego-control and ego-resiliency in the organization of behaviour. In W.A. Collins (Ed.), Development of cognition, affect and social relations (pp. 39-101). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.

7. Butler, R. (1989). Interest in task and interest en peers’ work in competitive and non-competitive conditions: A development study. Child Development, 60, 562-570.

8. Butler, R. (1990). Mastery versus ability appraisal: A development study of children’s observations of peers’ work. Child Development, 61, 201-210.

9. Butt, D.S. (1987). Psychology of Sport: The behaviour, motivation, personality and performance of athletes. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.

10. Charlesworth, W.R. (1979). Ethology: Understanding the other half of intelligence. In M. Von Cranacha, K. Foppa, W. Lepenies & D. Ploog (Eds.), Human ethology: Claims and limits of a new discipline (pp-491-519). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

11. Costa, D. (1997). A influência da actividade física nos níveis de saúde, condição física e hábitos de saúde. Horizonte, 77 (dossier), 1-8.

12. Duda, J.L.; Chi, L.; Newton, M.L.; Walling, M.D. & Catley, D. (1995). Task and ego orientation and intrinsic motivation in sport. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 26, 40-63.

13. Dweck, C.S. & Elliot, E.S. (1984). Achievement motivation. In M. Hetherington (Ed.), Social development: Carmichael’s manual in child psychology (pp. 643-691). New York: Wiley.

14. Dweck, C.S. (1985). Intrinsic motivation, perceived control and self-evaluation maintenance: An achievement goal analysis. In C. Ames & R. Ames (Eds.), Research on motivation in education: The classroom milieu (vol. 2, pp. 289-305). Orlando: Academic Press.

15. Feltz, D. & Petlichkoff, L. (1983). Perceived competence among interscholastic participants and dropout. Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Sciences, 8, 231-235.

16. Ford, M.E. (1985). The concept of competence. Themes and variations. In H.A. Marlowe Jr. & R.B. Weinberg. (Eds.), Competence development: Theory and practice in special populations (pp. 3-49). Springfield: Charles C. Thomas.

17. Garmezy, N. & Masten, A.S. (1991). The protective role of competence indicators in children at risk. In E.M. Cummings, A.L. Greene & K.H. Karrakar (Eds.), Life span development psychology: Perspectives on stress and coping (pp. 151-174). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.

18. Garmezy, N. (1970). Process and reactive schizophrenia: Some conceptions and issues. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2, 30-70.

19. Harter, S. & Connel, A. (1984). A model of children’s achievement and related self-perceptions of competence, control and motivational orientation. In J. Nicholls (Ed.), Development of achievement motivation (vol. 3). Greenwich: JAI Press.

20. Harter, S. (1978). Effectance motivation reconsidered. Human Development, 21, 34-64.

21. Harter, S. (1981). A new self-report scale of intrinsic versus extrinsic orientation in the classroom: Motivational and informational components. Development Psychology, 17, 300-312.

22. Harter, S. (1982). The perceived competence scale for children. Child Development, 53, 87-97.

23. Hartman, H. (1958). Ego psychology and the problem of adaptation. New York: International Universities Press.

24. Horn, T.S. & Hasbrook, C.A. (1986). Informational components influencing children’s perceptions of their physical competence. In M.R. Weiss & D. Gould (Eds.), Sport for children and youth (pp. 81-88). Champaign: Human Kinetics.

25. Horn, T.S. & Hasbrook, C.A. (1987). Psychological characteristics and the criteria children use for self-evaluation. Journal of Sport Psychology, 9, 208-221.

26. performance (pp. 68-81). Palo Alto: Mayfield.

27. Horn, T.S. & Weiss, M.R. (1991). A development analysis of children’s self-ability judgments in the physical domain. Pediatric Exercise Science, 3, 310-326.

28. Horn, T.S. (1985). Coaches feedback and changes in the children’s perceptions of their physical competence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 77, 174-186.

29. Klint, K.A. & Weiss, M.R. (1987). Perceived competence and motives for participating in youth sports: A test of Harter’s competence motivational theory. Journal of Sport Psychology, 9, 55-65.

30. Klint, K.A. (1985). Participation motives and self-perceptions of current and former athletes in youth gymnastic. Unpublished master’s thesis. University of Oregon, Eugene.

31. Loevinger, J. (1976). Ego Development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

32. Malina, R.M. & Bouchard, C. (1986). Growth, maturation and physical activity. Champaign: Human Kinetics.

33. Masten, A.S.; Coatsworth, J.D.; Neeman, J.; Gest, S.D.; Tellegen, A. & Garmezy, N. (1995). The structure and coherence of competence from childhood through adolescence. Child Development, 66, 1635-1659.

34. Newton, M. & Duda, J.L. (1999). The interaction of motivational climate, dispositional goal orientations and perceived ability in predicting indices of motivation. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 30, 63-82.

35. Nicholls, J.G. (1978). The development of concepts of effort and ability, perceptions of own attainment and the understanding that difficult tasks require more ability. Child Development, 49, 800-814.

36. Nicholls, J.G. (1989). The competitive ethos and democratic education. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

37. Phillips, L. (1968). Human adaptation and its failures. New York: Academic Press.

38. Roberts, G.C. (1984). Toward a new theory of motivation in sport: The role of perceived ability. In J. Silva & R.S. Weinberg (Eds.), Psychological Foundations of Sport. Champaign: Human Kinetics.

39. Roberts, G.C.; Kleiber, D.A. & Duda, J.L. (1981). An analysis of motivation in children’s sport: The role of perceived competence in participation. Journal of Sport Psychology, 3, 206-216.

40. Ryckman, R.M. & Hamel, J. (1993). Perceived physical ability differences in the sport participation motives of young athletes. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 24, 270-283.

41. Smoll, F.L.; Smith, R.E.; Barnett, N.P. & Everett, J.J. (1993). Enhancement of children’s self-esteem through social support training for youth sport coaches. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 602-610.

42. Sroufe, L.A. (1979). The coherence of individual development: Early care attachment and subsequent development issues. American Psychologist, 34, 834-841.

43. Sternberg, R.J. (1985). Beyond IQ: A triarchic theory of human intelligence. Cambridge: Cambridge Academic Press.

44. Thill, E.E. & Brunnel, P. (1995). Ego-involvement and task-involvement: Related conceptions of ability, effort and learning strategies among soccer players. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 26, 81-97.

45. Water, E. & Sroufe, L.A. (1983). Social competence as a development construct. Development Review, 3, 79-97.

46. Wechsler, D. (1958). The measurement and appraisal of adult intelligence. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins.

47. Weigang, D.A. & Broadhurst, C.J. (1998). The relationship among perceived competence, intrinsic motivation and control perceptions in youth soccer. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29, 324-338.

48. Weiss, M.R. & Chaumeton, N. (1992). Motivational orientations in sport. In T.S. Horn (Ed.), Advances in Sport Psychology. Champaign: Human Kinetics.

49. Weiss, M.R. & Duncan, S.C. (1992). The relationship between physical competence and peer acceptance in the context of children’s sport participation. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 14, 177-191.

50. Weiss, M.R. & Horn, T.S. (1990). The relation between children’s accuracy estimates of their physical competence and achievement-related characteristics. Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport, 61, 250-258.

51. Weiss, M.R. (1987). Self-esteem and achievement in children’s sport and physical activity. Advances in Pediatric Sport Sciences, 2, 87-120.

52. Weiss, M.R.; Horn, T.S. & Ebbeck, V. (1997). Children’s self-perceptions and sources of physical competence information:  A cluster analysis. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 19, 52-70.

53. White, R. (1959). Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence. Psychological Review, 66, 297-333.

54. Williams, L. & Gill, D.L. (1995). The role of perceived competence in the motivation of physical activity. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 17, 363-378.

55. Williams, L. (1994). Goal orientation and athletes’ preferences for competence information sources. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 16, 416-430.

56. Zigler, E. & Glick, M. (1986). A development approach to adult psychopathology. New York: Wiley.

 

Data de submissão: Maio 2007

Data de Aceite: Julho 2007

 

Correspondência:

José Vasconcelos-Raposo

Rua Dr. Manuel Cardona

5000–558 Vila Real. Portugal

E-mail: j.vasconcelos.raposo@gmail.com

Creative Commons License Todo o conteúdo deste periódico, exceto onde está identificado, está licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons