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Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto

versão impressa ISSN 1645-0523

Rev. Port. Cien. Desp. v.8 n.2 Porto ago. 2008

 

Independência efetora e prática moderada com a mão esquerda em destrímanos

 

Ulysses O. Araújo

Cássio M. Meira Jr.

Jaqueline F.O. Neiva

Miriam Y. Umeki

Laboratório de Comportamento Motor, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil

 

Resumo

A independência efetora (capacidade de executar uma tarefa com diferentes efetores) foi investigada com foco na transferência bilateral de aprendizagem. Especificamente, foi investigada a hipótese de que a prática com a mão esquerda em destrímanos levasse a aprendizagem independente de efetor seguida de aprendizagem dependente de efetor, de forma similar à caracterizada na prática com a mão direita. Dezoito participantes adultos (idade média 25.6 ± 2.9 anos) realizaram vinte tentativas divididas em dois dias numa tarefa de destreza manual fina (inserção de pinos – Grooved Pegboard Test), inserindo 25 pinos por tentativa. Foram realizados um pré-teste, um teste de retenção intermediário após cinco tentativas e um teste de retenção final após o término da prática. Os resultados corroboraram a hipótese: o desempenho da mão esquerda melhorou do pré-teste ao teste intermediário, e deste para o teste final, enquanto o desempenho da mão direita apresentou melhora apenas do pré-teste para o teste intermediário. O padrão de independência efetora seguida de especificidade com relação ao efetor utilizado foi similar ao relatado na prática com a mão direita em destrímanos. Sugere-se, portanto, uma reconsideração da independência absoluta de efetor ao longo da prática.

Palavras-chave: independência efetora, transferência bilateral, prática, aprendizagem motora

 

Abstract

Effector independence and moderate practice with the left hand in right-handers

The effector independence (ability to perform a task using different effectors) was investigated focusing the bilateral transfer of learning. Specifically, we investigated the hypothesis that practice using the left hand in right-handers would lead to effector independent learning followed by effector dependent learning, as addressed in the findings with practice using the right hand. Eighteen adults (mean age 25.6 ± 2.9 years) performed twenty trials in a fine hand dexterity task (pin insertion) over two days (Grooved Pegboard Test), inserting 25 pins per trial. The design consisted of a pre-test, an intermediate retention test after five trials, and a final retention test after the completion of the practice. The results supported the hypothesis: performance of the left hand improved from the pre-test to the intermediate retention test, and from the latter to the final retention test, while the performance of the right hand improved only from the pre-test to the intermediate retention test. The pattern of effector independence followed by specificity regarding the effector was similar to the one found over practice with the right hand in right-handers. This suggests a reconsideration of an absolute effector independence throughout practice.

Key-words: effector independence, bilateral transfer, practice, motor learning

 

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Correspondência

Ulysses Okada de Araujo

Laboratório de Comportamento Motor

Escola de Educação Física e Esporte – USP

Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-900, Brasil.

E-mail: ulokada@usp.br