Informação visual e controlo postural durante a execução da pirouette no ballet

 

Renata A. Denardi

Marcela C. Ferracioli

Sérgio T. Rodrigues

Laboratório de Informação, Visão e Ação (LIVIA), Departamento de Educação Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil

 

RESUMO

Um aspecto fundamental do sistema visual que subsidia a aquisição de informação relevante para o controle postural de bailarinas, o movimento dos olhos e da cabeça, foi investigado durante a execução da pirouette, um giro do ballet clássico. Oito bailarinas experientes foram analisadas com (olhos abertos normalmente) e sem (olhos vendados) informação visual disponível, com o objetivo de (i) testar a hipótese de associação entre maior duração da fixação do olhar antes do início do giro e melhor performance motora, (ii) averiguar a validade de dicas dos instrutores de ballet sobre como “marcar a cabeça”, e (iii) verificar o efeito da disponibilidade de informação visual no controle postural das bailarinas. Os resultados não corroboraram a hipótese de alta correlação negativa entre duração da fixação inicial e instabilidade postural, mas revelaram longos períodos de fixação antes do giro e reduzidas oscilações corporais. A indisponibilidade de informação visual deteriorou significativamente a estabilidade postural. Um nítido sequenciamento dos giros do tronco, cabeça e olhar foi observado, mostrando a pertinência das dicas dos instrutores de ballet.

Palavras-chave: informação visual, comportamento do olhar, controle postural, ballet

 

ABSTRACT

Visual information and postural control during pirouette execution in ballet

A fundamental aspect of the visual system that supports visual information acquisition relevant to postural control of ballet dancers, eyes and head movements, was investigated during the execution of a pirouette, a turn of classical ballet. Eight expert ballet dancers were analyzed with (opened eyes) and without (blindfolded eyes) visual information available in order to (i) test the hypothesis of association between longer gaze fixation turn initiation and better motor performance, (ii) check the validity of ballet instructors’ cues on how to “set the head”, and (iii) verify the effect of availability of visual information on postural control of ballet dancers. The results did not corroborate the hypothesis of high negative correlation between initial fixation duration and postural instability, but they revealed long initial fixation durations and reduced body oscillations. The unavailability of visual information deteriorated significantly the postural stability. A clear sequence of trunk, head and gaze turns was observed, showing the adequacy of ballet instructors’ cues.

Key-words: visual information, gaze behavior, postural control, ballet

 

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CORRESPONDÊNCIA

Sérgio Tosi Rodrigues

Laboratório de Informação, Visão e Ação (LIVIA)

Departamento de Educação Física, Faculdade de Ciências

Universidade Estadual Paulista – Campus Bauru

Av. Eng. Luis Edmundo Corrijo Coube, 14-01 – Vargem Limpa

Bauru, SP, Brasil CEP: 17033-360

E-mail: srodrigu@fc.unesp.br