Vinculação aos pais, divórcio e conflito interparental em adolescentes

Octávio Moura¹

Paula Mena Matos²

 

Resumo:

Este estudo pretendeu identificar variações na qualidade da vinculação aos pais em função da estrutura familiar (famílias intactas e divorciadas) e do conflito interparental, tendo sido igualmente analisadas as diferenças de género do adolescente e das figuras parentais. Deste estudo fizeram parte 310 jovens dos 14 aos 18 anos de idade de ambos os géneros. Os questionários utilizados foram o Questionário de Vinculação ao Pai e à Mãe (QVPM; Matos & Costa, 2001, versão revista) e o The Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPIC; Grych, Seid & Fincham, 1992). Ambos os instrumentos revelaram ter qualidades psicométricas adequadas, testadas a partir de análises factoriais confirmatórias e da consistência interna. Os resultados apontam para o facto de a situação de divórcio afectar mais o relacionamento do jovem com a figura paterna, enquanto que o conflito interparental surge como a variável mais preditora da vinculação aos pais, afectando a qualidade do laço emocional relativamente a ambas as figuras parentais, independentemente da estrutura familiar.

Palavras-chave: vinculação, conflito interparental, divórcio parental, adolescência.

 

 

Parental attachment, divorce and interparental conflict in adolescents

Abstract:

This study intends to identify variations in quality of adolescents’ attachment to parents as a function of family structure (intact and divorced families) and interparental conflict. Furthermore, differences according to adolescent’s and parent’s gender were also analysed. The sample consists of 310 adolescents, 14 to 18 aged from both genders. Participants responded to the Father/Mother Attachment Questionnaire (Matos & Costa, 2001, revised version) and the Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (Grych, Seid & Fincham, 1992). Both instruments present adequate psychometrics qualities, tested by confirmatory factor analyses and internal reliability. Results indicated that divorce affects more the quality of attachment to father, while interparental conflict is the variable that predicted more the quality of attachment to parents, affecting the quality of emotional bond to both parents independently of family structure.

Keywords: attachment, interparental conflict, divorce, adolescence.

 

 

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¹ Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto; email: octaviomoura@gmail.com.

² Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto; email: pmmatos@fpce.up.pt.