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Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia

versão impressa ISSN 0873-2159

Rev Port Pneumol v.14 n.2 Lisboa mar. 2008

 

Hábitos tabágicos e conhecimento dos riscos do tabagismo em função da formação académica em estudantes universitários

 

Smoking habits and awareness of smoking risks depending on academic background in university students

 

Sandra Saleiro1

Carla Damas2

Isabel Gomes3

 

Resumo

Objectivo: Avaliar os hábitos tabágicos de um grupo de estudantes universitários dos cursos de Medicina e de Engenharia por forma a verificar se, dependendo da sua formação académica específica, existem diferenças nos hábitos tabágicos e atitudes perante o tabagismo.

Métodos: Estudantes de Medicina e de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto foram avaliados através de um questionário, no qual tiveram de mencionar os  seus hábitos tabágicos, a sua percepção sobre a dependência do tabaco e apontar, de entre uma lista de 12 doenças associadas ao tabagismo, aquelas que estariam relacionadas com o consumo de tabaco.

Resultados: Responderam ao questionário 338 estudantes (172 de Medicina e 166 de Engenharia), com idade mediana de 21 anos. A prevalência do tabagismo foi de 21.6%, sendo maior no sexo masculino que no feminino (31.8% versus 10.9%). Fumavam significativamente menos estudantes de Medicina (16.3%), comparando com os estudantes de Engenharia (27.1%). Quase 16% dos estudantes desconheciam a capacidade da nicotina induzir dependência, mas os estudantes de Medicina estavam mais conscientes deste facto (p=0.00). Todos os estudantes identificaram o cancro do pulmão como estando associado ao consumo de tabaco e salientaram, menos frequentemente, outras doenças. Excepto no caso do cancro do pulmão, os estudantes de Medicina revelaram um melhor conhecimento acerca das doenças relacionadas com o tabaco.

Conclusões: Como esperado, os estudantes de Medicina mostraram, em geral, um melhor conhecimento das doenças relacionadas com o tabaco, comparando com os estudantes de Engenharia, e revelaram igualmente uma prevalência menor de hábitos tabágicos. Esta diferença pode ser devida a diferentes atitudes em relação ao tabaco, para as quais podem contribuir diferentes formações académicas.

Palavras-chave: Hábitos tabágicos, estudantes universitários.

 

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate smoking habits among a group of medical students and engineering students in order to assess whether, depending on their specific academic background, differences in smoking habits and attitudes towards smoking were present.

Methods: Medical and engineering students from the Oporto University were surveyed using a questionnaire, in which they were asked to mention their smoking habits, their perception about cigarette dependence and to point out, from a list of 12 tobacco-related diseases, which were associated with tobacco use.

Results: A total of 338 students (172 of Medicine and 166 of Engineering) with median age of 21 years answered the questionnaire. Prevalence of smoking was 21.6% and was greater among males than females (31.8% versus 10.9%). Significantly fewer medical students smoked (16.3%), compared to engineering students (27.1%). Almost 16% of the students did not know nicotine ability to induce dependence, but medical students were more aware of it (p=0.00). All students identified lung cancer as being associated with tobacco use and pointed out, less frequently, other diseases. Except for lung cancer, medical students showed a better knowledge about smoking-related diseases.

Conclusions: As expected, medical students showed a better knowledge of smoking-related diseases in general, as compared to engineering students, and they also showed a lower prevalence of smoking habits. This difference may be due to different attitudes towards smoking for which different academic backgrounds may have contributed.

Key-words: Smoking habits; university students.

 

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text only available in PDF format.

 

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1 Interna complementar de Pneumologia

2 Assistente hospitalar de Pneumologia

3 Assistente hospitalar graduado de Pneumologia

Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de São João – Director: Professor Doutor Venceslau Hespanhol

Correspondência/Correspondence to: Sandra Saleiro

Serviço de Pneumologia do Hospital de São João

Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro

4202-451 Porto, Portugal

E-mail: sandrasaleiro@portugalmail.pt

 

Recebido para publicação/Received for publication: 07.09.24

Aceite para publicação/accepted for publication: 07.11.02