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Revista de Ciências Agrárias

Print version ISSN 0871-018X

Rev. de Ciências Agrárias vol.30 no.2 Lisboa July 2007

 

Sistema de porosidade do solo numa topossequência Luvissolo-Solonetz no Sul de Portugal

Pore space characteristics in a Luvisol-Solonetz toposequence in Southern Portugal

 

F. Monteiro1, M. Madeira1, V. Marcelino2 & E. Sousa1

 

RESUMO

Os solos com propriedades estágnicas que ocorrem no Alentejo caracterizam-se por apresentar baixa porosidade. O estudo duma toposequência típica revelou, para além disso, que o sistema poral diferia significativamente com a posição dos pédones na encosta. No pédone de topo, o horizonte Ap1 mostrou-se mais poroso do que o Ap2, mas com uma distribuição semelhante dos vazios 30<Ø<500 ?m e de Ø>500 µm. Inversamente, no pédone de sopé, o volume poral dos horizontes Ap1 e Ap2 equivalia-se mas, neste último, tal como nos Bt, os poros >500µm eram escassos. Os horizontes Bt, muito fechados e com um volume poral total idêntico ao longo da encosta, diferiam entre si no tipo e padrão de orientação dos respectivos vazios, sendo os poros aplanados mais frequentes e maiores no pédone de topo.

Não foram encontrados padrões consistentes de orientação preferencial dos poros que sugiram compactação do solo e justifiquem a diminuta porosidade dos pédones estudados e a sua muito reduzida “porosidade de condução”, as quais se podem explicar pela sodicidade e baixo teor de C orgânico dos mesmos.

 

ABSTRACT

Soils with stagnic properties occurring in Alentejo commonly have low porosity. The study of a typical soil toposequence, showed that soil pore features were significantly different amongst summit and foot/toe slope pedons. In the summit pedon the Ap1 horizon was more porous than the Ap2, both exhibiting similar void distribution patterns. Conversely, the Ap1 and Ap2 horizons of the footslope pedon had a similar pore space volume, but pores with diameter larger than 500 µm were less important in the later. Pore space volume of Bt horizons was low whatever the slope position of pedons. However, they differ significantly in terms of void type and orientation patterns. No preferred orientation patterns were found in soil voids that could be related with soil compaction, being their low porosity, namely their low “conductive” porosity, not attributable to soil compaction. Those features can instead be due to the sodicity and/or the low organic C of these soils.

 

 

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REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

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Silva, A.A., Garcia, J.S. & Rodrigues, J.L. 1965. Alguns aspectos da drenagemdos Campos de Évora. Seu estudo experimental no Posto Experimental de Évora. Agronomia Lusitana, 27 (2): 155-171.

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1 Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Depto de Ciências do Ambiente, Tp. da Ajuda – 1349-017 Lisboa, e-mail: fgmonteiro@isa.utl.pt

2Laboratório de Mineralogia, Petrologia e Micropedologia, Universidade de Gent, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Gent, Bélgica.

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