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Revista de Ciências Agrárias

Print version ISSN 0871-018X

Rev. de Ciências Agrárias vol.30 no.1 Lisboa Jan. 2007

 

Efeito da profundidade de colocação do tubo de rega gota-a-gota na uniformidade de rega e na eficiência do uso da água em tomate de indústria

Effect of drip line depth on irrigation uniformity and water use efficiency in processing tomato

 

R. M. A. Machado1 & M.R.G. Oliveira1

 

RESUMO

A influência da profundidade da colocação dos gotejadores na uniformidade de rega e na eficiência do uso da água foi avaliada, durante dois anos, num ensaio em “split-plot”, com quatro repetições, sendo o tratamento principal a profundidade de colocação do tubo de rega: à superfície do solo (P0), a 20 cm (PI) e a 40 cm (PII) e o secundário a cultivar: Brigade e H3044. Nos dois anos, o débito médio dos gotejadores foi semelhante nos diferentes tratamentos. Os coeficientes de uniformidade (CU) e de variação (CV) e a uniformidade de distribuição (UD), determinados após a colheita da cultura, não foram afectados pela profundidade de colocação do tubo, tendo variado respectivamente, entre 96,5 e 98,2%, 1,91 e 4,15% e 94,5 e 97,4%. A rega gota-a-gota subsuperficial, comparativamente com a superficial, contribuiu para o aumento da eficiência do uso da água (Produção comercial/ETa) em 14%, fundamentalmente devido a uma diminuição da ETa, na fase inicial da cultura.

 

ABSTRACT

The influence of drip line depth on irrigation uniformity and water use efficiency in processing tomato was evaluated in a two years field trial in split-plot with three drip irrigation depths: surface (P0), subsurface at 20 cm (PI) and 40 cm (PII) and two processing tomato cv, Brigade and H3044. The mean emitter flow rate, in both years, was similar for the different treatments of drip line depth. The coefficients of uniformity (CU) and variation (CV) and the uniformity of distribution (UD), determined after the crop harvest, were not affected by drip irrigation depths, having varied respectively, between 96.5 and 98.2%, 1.91 and 4.15% and 94.5 and 97,4%. Compared with surface irrigation subsurface drip irrigation contributes to an increase of water use efficiency by 14%, mainly in result of a decrease in ETa during the first stages of crop growth.

 

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1 Dep. Fitotecnia e Instituto de Ciências Agrárias Mediterrâneas (ICAM), Universidade de Évora Apartado 94, 7002-554 Évora; e-mail: rmam@uevora.pt

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