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Análise Psicológica

versão impressa ISSN 0870-8231

Aná. Psicológica v.25 n.2 Lisboa abr. 2007

 

O Modelo de Falloon para intervenção familiar na esquizofrenia: Fundamentação e aspectos técnicos

 

Manuel Gonçalves-Pereira (*)

Miguel Xavier (*)

Gráinne Fadden (**)

 

RESUMO

Os autores fazem uma retrospectiva da utilização de psicoterapia comportamental em famílias de pessoas com doença mental grave, nomeadamente esquizofrenia, focando o modelo de Falloon e colaboradores (Terapia Familiar Comportamental).

Trata-se de uma intervenção unifamiliar, psicoeducativa, de inspiração comportamental, que pretende melhorar a capacidade de resolução de problemas no seio da família.

Os resultados estão bem documentados em termos clínicos (menores taxas de recaída), psicossociais (melhor funcionamento socio-ocupacional, menor sobrecarga familiar) e económicos.

Estas intervenções estão amplamente difundidas na Europa e EUA, e as suas indicações têm sido alargadas a diversos campos da psicopatologia do adulto, bem como da infância e adolescência. Em Portugal, o treino neste tipo de intervenções tem vindo a ser feito desde 1996, ainda que, paradoxalmente, sem tradução significativa na prática clínica de rotina. As dificuldades de implementação são parcialmente comuns a outras intervenções com famílias, constituindo uma área merecedora de investigação específica.

Palavras-chave: Esquizofrenia, terapia familiar, terapia comportamental.

 

ABSTRACT

Behavioural interventions have been used with families where there are severe mental health difficulties. Behaviour Family Therapy (Falloon and colleagues) is an effective family intervention for schizophrenia with clear-cut aims. Evidence regarding outcome has been established, either in clinical terms (reduced relapse and hospitalisation rates), psycho-social factors (better social and occupational functioning, reduced family burden) or economic terms (reduced cost of service).

It’s a family intervention delivered to individual families within a ‘strengths framework’ – the approach is psychoeducational, and there is a focus on the family acquiring specific coping skills.

Behavioural psychoeducational interventions are practiced worldwide, and seems helpful in a wide range of mental health conditions.

In Portugal, training in this kind of intervention began in 1996, although with scarce impact in regular clinical practice. Implementation difficulties are shared with other forms of family work and this undoubtedly deserves specific high-quality research.

Key words: Schizophrenia, family therapy, behavioural therapy.

 

 

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text only available in PDF format.

 

 

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(*) Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. E-mail: gpereira.sm@fcm.unl.pt

(**) Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Trust, Universidade de Birmingham.

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