Adaptação Portuguesa do Physical Self Perception Profile for Children and Yout e do Perceived Importance Profile for Children and Youth

 

RUI PAULO SANTOS BERNARDO (*)

MARGARIDA GASPAR DE MATOS (*)

 

 

RESUMO

O estudo teve como objectivo principal adaptar para Portugal o Physical Self-Perception Profile for Children and Youth - PSPP-CY e o Perception Importance Profile for Children and Youth - PIP-CY (Whitehead, 1995).

A versão portuguesa dos instrumentos (Perfil de Auto-Percepção Corporal para Crianças e Jovens - PAPC-CJ) e Perfil de Importância Percebida para Crianças e Jovens - PIP-CJ) foi aplicada junto de uma amostra de 625 alunos (raparigas, n = 315; rapazes, n = 310), com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e os 19 anos (M = 14.38 e DP = 1.46), pertencentes a escolas do Algarve.

A consistência interna e validade do PAPC-CJ foram testadas de forma satisfatória, replicando de forma consistente a estrutura original apresentada por Whitehead (1995). A análise efectuada reproduziu a estrutura hierárquica do modelo proposto por Fox (1990) e Fox e Corbin (1989). O instrumento indicia ser válido para medir as auto-percepções corporais dos jovens portugueses.

No PIP-CJ, ao contrário do sexo feminino, os dados obtidos para o sexo masculino não mostraram uma estrutura factorial diferenciada, pelo que o instrumento permanece algo enigmático, tal como referido por Whitehead (1995).

Futura investigação é necessária para confirmar os resultados aqui apresentados e mais trabalho deverá ser realizado com outros grupos no sentido de: estender-se a validade do PAPC-CJ a outras populações portuguesas; e clarificar-se o papel das percepções de importância percebida, sobretudo entre os rapazes adolescentes.

 

Palavras-chave: Auto-estima, auto-estima corporal, auto-percepções corporais, Perfil de Auto-Percepção Corporal para Crianças e Jovens (PAPC-CJ), Perfil de Importância Percebida para Crianças e Jovens (PIP-CJ).

 

 

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the present study was to adapt for Portugal the Physical Self-Perception Profile for Children and Youth - PSPP-CY and the Perception Importance Profile for Children and Youth - PIP-CY (Whitehead, 1995).

The Portuguese version of the instruments (Perfil de Auto-Percepção Corporal para Crianças e Jovens - PAPC-CJ) and Perfil de Importância Percebida para Crianças e Jovens - PIP-CJ) was applied to a sample of 625 students (girls, n = 315; boys, n = 310), aged from 11 to 19 (M = 14.38 and DP = 1.46), belonging to different schools from the Algarve.

The internal consistency and the validity of the PAPC-CJ have been satisfactorily tested, replying consistently the original structure presented by Whitehead (1995). The analysis done has reproduced the hierarchical structure of the model proposed by Fox (1990) and by Fox and Corbin (1989). The instrument has revealed itself to be valid to measure the physical self-perceptions of Portuguese youngsters.

In what concerns the PIP-CJ, contrarily to the girl's results, the results obtained with the boys didn't show a differenced factorial structure, which leads us to think that the instrument remains somehow enigmatic, according to what Whithead (1995) had concluded.

Further investigation is needed to confirm the results presented in this study. Further work should be done with other groups in order to, firstly, extend the validity of the PAPC-CJ to other Portuguese populations and, secondly, to clarify the role of the perceived importance perceptions, especially among male adolescents.

 

Key words: Self-esteem, physical self-worth, physical self-perceptions, Physical Self-Perception Profile for Children and Youth (PSPP-CY), Perception Importance Profile for Children and Youth (PIP-CY).

 

 

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text only available in PDF format.

 

 

REFERÊNCIAS

Almeida, A. P., Maia, J. A., & Fontoura, J. M. (1995). Auto-conceito físico: estudo da sua expressão diferencial em atletas e não atletas. In M. Gonçalves, I. Ribeiro, S. Araújo, C. Machado, L. Almeida & M. Simões (Eds.), Avaliação Psicológica: Formas e Contextos (vol. 5, pp. 425-435). Braga: APPORT.         [ Links ]

Baumeister, R. F. (1994). Self-esteem. In V. S. Ramachandran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 83-87). San Diego: Academic Press.         [ Links ]

Crocker, P. R., Eklund, R. C., & Kowalski, K. C. (2000). Children's physical activity and physical self-perceptions. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18, 383-394.         [ Links ]

Eklund, R. C., Whitehead, J. R., & Welk, G. J. (1997). Validity of the children and youth physical self-perception: A confirmatory factor analysis. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 68 (3), 249-256.         [ Links ]

Faustino, A. (1994). Desenvolvimento motor e autoconceito. Tese de mestrado inédita, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Lisboa.         [ Links ]

Ferreira, J. P. L. (1997). A influência de variáveis biossociais e de aptidão física na evolução do auto-conceito/imagem corporal em jovens entre os 14/16 e os 17/19 anos de idade com e sem sucesso escolar. Tese de mestrado inédita, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Lisboa.         [ Links ]

Fox , K. H. (1988). The self-esteem complex and youth fitness. Quest, 40, 230-246.         [ Links ]

Fox, K. R. (1990). The Physical Self-Perception Profile Manual. Illinois: Northern Illinois University.         [ Links ]

Fox , K. H. (1997). The physical self and processes in self-esteem development. In K. R. Fox (Ed.), The physical self: from motivation to well-being (pp. 111-140). Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.         [ Links ]

Fox , K. H. (1998). Advances in the measurement of the physical self. in J. L. Duda (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology measurement (pp. 295310). Morgantown: FIT.         [ Links ]

Fox , K. H. (1999). Self-esteem and quality of live in exercise and sport. In Václav Hosek, Pavel Tilinger & Lubos Bílek (Eds.), Psychology of sport exercise: Enhancing the quality of live. Proceedings of the 10th european congress of sport psychology - part 1 (pp. 12-19). Prague: FEPSAC.         [ Links ]

Fox, K. H. (2000). The effects of exercise on self-perceptions and self-esteem. In Stuart J. H. Biddle, Kenneth R. Fox & Stephen H Boutcher (Eds.), Physical activity and psychological well-being (pp. 88-117). London: Biddles Ltd, Guildford and King's Lynn.         [ Links ]

Fox, K. H., & Corbin, C. B. (1989). The physical self perception profile: development and preliminary validation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11, 408-430.         [ Links ]

Hagger, M., Ashford, B., & Stambulova, N. (1998). Russian and british children's physical self-perceptions and physical activity participation. Pediatric Exercise Science, 10, 137-152.         [ Links ]

Harter, S. (1982). The perceived competence scale for children. Child Development, 53, 87-97.         [ Links ]

Harter, S. (1985). Manual for the self-perception profile for children. Denver: University of Denver.         [ Links ]

Harter, S. (1988). Manual for the self-perception profile for adolescents. Denver: University of Denver.         [ Links ]

Hayes, S. D., Crocker, P. R. E., & Kowalski, K. C. (1999). Gender differences in physical self-perceptions, global self-esteem and physical activity: Evaluation of the physical self-perception profile model. Journal of Sport Behavior, 22, 1-14.         [ Links ]

Lintunen, T. (1995). Self-perceptions, fitness, and exercise in early adolescence: A four-year follow-up study. Jyváskylá: University of Jyváskylá.         [ Links ]

Marsh, H. W. (1997). The measurement of physical self-concept: A construct validation approach. In K. Fox (Ed.), The Physical Self (pp. 27-58). Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.         [ Links ]

Marsh, H. W., & Hattie, J. (1996). Theoretical perspectives on the structure of self-concept. In B. Bracken (Ed.), Handbook of self-concept: Developmental, social, and clinical considerations (pp. 38-90). New York: Wiley.         [ Links ]

Mutrie, N., & Biddle, S. J. H (1995). The effects of exercise on mental health in nonclinical populations. In S. Biddle (Ed.), European perspectives on exercise and sport psychology (pp. 50-70). Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.         [ Links ]

Peixoto, F. (1996). Auto-conceito(s), auto-estima e resultados escolares: A influência da repetência no(s) auto-conceito(s) e na auto-estima de adolescentes. In M. A. Martins (Ed.), Dinâmicas Relacionais e Eficiência Educativa (pp. 51-69). Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada.         [ Links ]

Pestana, M. H., & Gageiro, J. N. (2000). Análise de dados para ciências sociais - a complementaridade do SPSS. (2ª Edição). Lisboa: Edições Sílabo.         [ Links ]

Raudsepp, L., Liblik, R., & Hannus, A. (2002). Children's and adolescent's psysical self-perceptions as related to moderate to vigorous physical activity and physical fitness. Pediatric Exercise Science, 14, 97-106.         [ Links ]

Stevens, J. (1986). Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.         [ Links ]

Vaz Serra, A. (1988). O auto-conceito. Análise Psicológica, 6 (2), 101-110.         [ Links ]

Welk, G. J., Corbin, C. B., & Lewis, L. A. (1995). Physical self-perceptions of high school athletes. Pediatric Exercise Science, 7, 152-161.         [ Links ]

Whitehead, J. (1995). A study of children's physical self-perceptions using an adapted physical self-perception profile questionnaire. Pediatric Exercise Science, 7, 132-151.         [ Links ]

 

 

(*) Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Lisboa, Portugal.