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Análise Psicológica

Print version ISSN 0870-8231

Aná. Psicológica vol.20 no.4 Lisboa Nov. 2002

 

Efeitos implícitos da pertença e identificação grupais na discriminação social (*)

MIGUEL CAMEIRA (**)

RUI G. SERÔDIO (**)

ISABEL R. PINTO (**)

JOSÉ M. MARQUES (**)

 

RESUMO

Utilizando uma metodologia não-obstrusiva, testámos a hipótese de que a associação entre estímulos visuais não salientes e a pertença grupal dos indivíduos pode interferir na escolha de uma equipa de trabalho sem que estes se apercebam dessa influência. As participantes (66 estudantes dos cursos de Psicologia e de Serviço Social) foram acolhidas por uma Psicóloga vs. Trabalhadora Social após o que deveriam escolher entre duas equipas, fisicamente semelhante vs. diferente da pessoa que as recebeu, para a continuação do mesmo estudo. Os resultados mostraram que as participantes que foram acolhidas pelo membro do exogrupo escolheram mais a equipa diferente do que as participantes acolhidas pelo membro do endogrupo sendo este efeito mediado pela identificação ao endogrupo. Os resultados são discutidos à luz de investigação anterior utilizando medidas implícitas de discriminação social.

Palavras-chave: Métodos não-obstrusivos, discriminação social, identificação social.

 

ABSTRACT

Using a non-obstrusive measure, we tested the hypothesis that the association between non-salient visual stimuli and group membership can affect the choice of a working team beyond participants' awareness of that influence. Participants (66 Psychology and Social Service students) were received by a Psychologist vs. Social Worker. They then had to choose between two teams, physically similar to vs. different from the person who had just received them, to work with in the second phase. Results show that most participants who had been received by an out-group member chose the different team more than did participants who had been received by an in-group member. This effect was mediated by in-group identification. Results are discussed based on previous research using implicit measures of social discrimination.

Key words: Non-obstrusive methods, social discrimination, social identification.

 

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text only available in PDF format.

 

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(*) Esta investigação foi financiada pelo projecto PRAXIS XXI/P/PSI/13192/98 da Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia. Os resultados apresentados no presente artigo foram parcialmente divulgados no 13th General Meeting da European Association of Experimental Social Psychology (San Sebastian, Julho de 2002). Os autores agradecem os comentários e sugestões de Teresa e Leonel Garcia-Marques e um revisor anónimo no melhoramento do manuscrito.

A correspondência relativa a este artigo deve ser remetida a Miguel Cameira, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 1055, P-4169-004 Porto, Portugal. E-mail: cameira@psi.up.pt

(**) Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto.

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