Resumo

TOLLETTI, Glória. Contributo dos Enfermeiros na Implementação de Intervenções Psicossociais (IPS) dirigidas a Pessoas com Doença Mental Grave. Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental [online]. 2011, n.5, pp.7-15. ISSN 1647-2160.

Background: In many countries, mental health nurses have been actively involved in psychosocial rehabilitation of persons with severe mental illness (PDMG) by providing systematic interventions, supported in evidence. In this way, try to respond optimally to the needs of autonomy, management of daily living activities and self-care management, including self-regulation of symptoms and prevention of relapse of PDMG and their families. Thus, more and more nurses working in the community in which contribute to the development and implementation of individual and group Psychosocial Interventions (SPI), which aim to meet the complex needs of people with severe mental illness (Gamble, 2003). Despite evidence that the IPS are broadly effective in relieving the symptoms of severe mental illness and in improving the psychosocial functioning with a marked reduction in the incidence of relapses, in many countries, and particularly in Portugal, its implementation is scarce and these interventions are not accessible to most people affected by these diseases (DGS, 2007). In the United Kingdom since the 1990s, efforts have been developed to educate and train mental health professionals in IPS to ensure that these are provided where they are most needed and where they can have more impact. The community mental health nurses (clinicians and teachers) who constitute the largest group of mental health professionals in this country have successfully led this process through training and research initiatives (Bradshaw & Mairs, 2007; Brooker, 2001, 2006; Couldwell & Stickley, 2007; Gournay, 1994,1995; Hewitt & Coffey, 2005; Stacey & Rayner, 2008). Aim: To know how to have mental health nurses (ESMP), contributed to the implementation of psychosocial interventions (IPS) for people with severe mental illness, as well as facilitating factors and obstacles encountered in implementing these interventions and their effects. Methodology: Systematic Review undertaken in EBSCO (CINAHL Plus with Full Text, MEDLINE with Full Text). Were surveyed scientific papers published in Full Text and / or Summary between 01/01/2000 and 05/31/2010. Method used was the PI [C] O and selected 6 articles of 9 founded. Results: Nurses have been actively contributing and with different ways to implement the IPS for people with severe mental illness, with focus on creating training programs. Barriers have been identified, particularly: inadequate training, lack the human resources and time and lack of support and organizational strategy. Positive effects have been recorded in people with severe mental illness and their families, such as improving quality of life, decrease family burden, greater autonomy in managing symptoms with preventing relapse; ESMP also have recognized the benefits in terms of changing practices and in objective and subjective measures of well being. Conclusions: Two paths emerge for future research - better knowledge of customers’ perspective in relation to definition the indicators the success of IPS; better understanding of the change process experienced by the ESMP, when implementing the IPS, for persons with severe mental illness and their families.

Palavras-chave : Psychosocial Intervention; Mental Disease.

        · resumo em Português     · texto em Português     · Português ( pdf )