Abstract

RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida  and  EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar. Oceanographic Condition, Use and Occupation of The Salinópolis Coastline (Corvina - Atalaia Sector), Northeastern of Pará, Brazil. RGCI [online]. 2016, vol.16, n.2, pp.133-146. ISSN 1646-8872.  https://doi.org/10.5894/rgci565.

The coastal zones are areas under great environmental stress, due to excessive exploitation of natural resources, uncontrolled land use and the influence of oceanographic (waves, tides, currents), weather (winds, storms), hydrology (rivers, aquifer, ocean) and anthropogenic (housing, industry, tourism, leisure) agents. The beaches are the environments most dynamic and most appreciated for human use and occupation. In the Northeastern State of Pará (Brazil), Salinópolis stands out as one of the occupation in risk areas subject to erosion. This article analyzes the oceanographic conditions on the Salinópolis beaches (Corvina, Maçarico, Farol Velho and Atalaia), and activities related to leisure and human occupation. Oceanographic data were collected during two periods (April 26th, 27 th and 28 th, 2013 - rainy season - and October 04th, 05th and 06th, 2013 - less rainy season), and July 12th, 2014 - peak tourist season - was made analysis of aspects of the use and occupation of the coast and application interviews/questionnaires with bathers. Observational and instrumental methods of waves and currents measurements were used to oceanographic characterization, and collecting surface sediments to complement the identification of beach morphodynamic states. The classification criteria of ocean coastal of n° 5.300/2004 Decree were used, aiming to categorize the Salinópolis coast in terms of urbanization. Currently, the Salinópolis seafront has different characteristics regarding the use and conservation, ranging from the type of natural coast (Class A) until coastal with consolidated urbanization (Class C). The first occurs at the extremes of the study area and the second in the county seat. Four types of beaches were defined according to maritime exposure and the degree of oceanographic conditions: type 1 (Maçarico), type 2 (Corvina), type 3 (Farol Velho) and type 4 (Atalaia). The section of coast with major environmental impacts and high coastal erosion is located on the Farol Velho beach. Areas of accretion or stability are located on the Corvina and Maçarico and the extremes of the Atalaia island. The degree of danger to the bath was somewhat variable, with a scale of security 4 (Maçarico beach) to 7 (Atalaia beach) - medium to high degree of risk. The most popular beach in Salinópolis is the Atalaia, and the main potential hazards identified by interviews bathers at this beach are vehicle traffic, alcohol consumption and high tides.

Keywords : Amazon Coast; urban expansion; beach classification; coastal erosion/accretion.

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