Resumo

SILVA, Vanessa Íris Silva da  e  MENEZES, Christiano Marcelino. Contribution to the knowledge of the vegetation of Massarandupió Restinga, Entre Rios, BA, Brazil. RGCI [online]. 2012, vol.12, n.2, pp.239-251. ISSN 1646-8872.

Restinga formations are prevalent throughout the Brazilian coast and there are several connotations used for these formations, is referring to the vegetation composition, in other words, in geologic sense. The vegetation found in coastal plains, where restingas are found, has received a very heterogeneous treatment by researchers who have worked or work in the field. Different restinga physiognomies can occur in only a part of the Brazilian coast. Although the study area it is an EPA - Environmental Protection Area, studies about restinga vegetation are still shortage. The coastal regions especially Restingas, has suffered over time with environmental degradation and growing estate development and tourism because of its natural beauty. The objective of this work is to contribute to knowledge about restingas vegetation of the North Coast of Bahia through floristic and phytosociological analysis of the components shrubs - a stretch of arboreal vegetation in Massarandupió in the city of Entre Rios, Bahia, Brazil, in order subsidizing an indication of priority areas for the creation of protected areas within the more restrictive area inside the EPA - Environmental Protection Area of the North Coast of Bahia. For the floristic analysis were performed random walks across the polygon of interest, while for phytosociological sampling, were leased a transect of 200 m with 5 parcels of 10x10m in each for a total of 2000m ² samples from the individuals that fit the character selection with CAP = 15cm for trees and shrubs in the areas of Restinga Forest and CAS = 5cm for individuals in the "Restinga's Moita" beyond count of specimens and measurement of visual height. Were characterized and identified four vegetation types. a) Mangrove: Throughout Subaúma River estuarine zone located in the city of Massarandupió, Bahia, Brazil represents one of the main ecosystems of object extraction, and the vegetation characteristic of the species Rhizophora mangle and Laguncularia racemosa are much more frequent in areas at higher tidal influence; b) Wetlands: In the pleistocene marine terraces can be caused or flood plains of river systems (perennial) or zones of deflation of the dune fields tipe "blowout" (non-perennial systems). In perennial systems that are constantly supplied by continental drainage occurs a peculiar vegetation, with a predominance of herbaceous plants; c) the Restinga Forest: This forest type is associated with older sediments of pleistocene alluvial or occurrence in areas downwind of the dune system "blowout" where local environmental conditions favor the formation of a forest sclerophyllous forest with physiognomy closed with canopy readily apparent with 7-10m in height, in this training is the most common species Kilmeyera reticulata, Coccoloba alnifolia, Ouratea suaveolans, Myrcia rostrata; d) in Restingas Clumps: An open physiognomy with vegetation arranged in clumps, or as islands of vegetation interspersed with clean soil, herbaceous or sub-shrub. The bushes mostly have one or a few tree species that can reach up to 4-5 meters high, they almost always prominent in a central position in the bush as Clusia hilariana, Manilkara salzmanii, Emmotum affine and Coccoloba alnifolia that suggesting function facilitator e) Vegetation Praial: here we found a small number of species, small and creeping appearance, being somewhat variable in width, generally not exceeding 50m extension on cord on the dunes and dune-front locations. Some shrubs occur as Chrysobalanus icaco. As regards the provision of the species, would Remiria maritima and Panicum racemosum, both stoloniferous, with Marsypianthes chamaedrys, Panicum racemosum and Chamaesyce hyssopifolia are common throughout the cord-dune. Ipomoea pes-capre and Ipomoea stolonifera near the line of the beach, usually not exceeding in the first 25m from the beginning of the vegetation toward the mainland. In floristic analysis 124 species were identified, that the richest families are Cyperaceae (11), Fabaceae (10), Asteraceae (7), Arecaceae (6) Myrtaceae (5), Rubiaceae (5), Araceae (4), Clusiaceae (4) and Melastomataceae (4). For the phytosociological information, especially in Restinga Forest, the most important species are Coccoloba alnifolia (VI = 151.90), while Alibertia sp. (VI = 117.95) is the most important species in restinga bushes. In compilations where floristic and phytosociological demonstrate the connectivity of the vegetation types, vegetation characteristics for both in size and species, as described by the geomorphology of the area. Among the species identified Bactris soeiroana and Poecilanthe itapuana are endemic to the northern coast of Bahia, in addition to said focal species and restricted distributions along the Brazilian coast. In this regard it is of utmost importance to conservation of local vegetation, due to their ecological complexity and pressure of the deployment of large hotel projects, aspects relevant to the delimitation of the boundaries of Conservation Units (CUs).

Palavras-chave : Vegetation; North Coast; Coastal Plain.

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