Resumen

BATALHA, Luís Manuel da Cunha  y  CORREIA, Maria Matilde Marques. Prevention of venipuncture pain in children: a comparative study of topical anesthetics. Rev. Enf. Ref. [online]. 2018, vol.serIV, n.18, pp.93-101. ISSN 0874-0283.  https://doi.org/10.12707/RIV18021.

Background: The ideal topical anesthetic to prevent venipuncture pain should have high efficacy, a quick effect, a good safety profile, be easy to apply, low cost, and well accepted. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of 5 topical anesthetics in children who require venipuncture. Methodology: A randomized controlled study was conducted involving 350 children (6 - 17 years) who were randomly allocated to 5 groups. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (0 to 10 cm). Between-group differences were analyzed using the Chi-square test and the Kruskal-Wallis test and within-group differences were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: All anesthetics were effective in preventing pain (mean pain intensity =1.1) and no between-group differences were found (p > 0.05). Ease of venous access, vein visibility and/or palpability, successful cannulation, and the child’s cooperation were good and similar between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The differences between topical anesthetics were only significant in the procedures required for their application and the costs, for which reason the use of ethyl chloride should be reconsidered.

Palabras clave : child; pain; anesthetics; nursing.

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