Abstract

FERREIRA, Sara et al. Anaemia in the first year after paediatric renal transplant. Port J Nephrol Hypert [online]. 2014, vol.28, n.2, pp.142-148. ISSN 0872-0169.

Introduction: Anaemia after renal transplantation has been associated with chronic graft dysfunction and increased cardiovascular mortality. There are few paediatric studies on the prevalence and on the aetiological factors involved. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of anaemia in children after renal transplantation (RT) and associated risk factors. Methods: A descriptive, analytical, retrospective study was conducted by consulting the records of patients followed in the Paediatric Nephrology Unit of tertiary care hospital in Lisbon, with more than one year of renal transplantation. The prevalence of anaemia was determined at 3 and at 12 months post -RT and the following potential risk factors were analysed: pre -renal transplantation anaemia, viral infections (CMV, EBV, PVB19), urinary tract infections, iron deficiency, graft function and occurrence of acute graft dysfunction episodes. Results: We evaluated 45 children: 82% of Caucasians, 58% female, mean age at transplant 9 ± 3.9 years. Anaemia was present in 31 patients at 3 months after RT (71%) and in 30 patients at 12 months post -RT (67%). At pre-RT 29 children had anaemia (64%). At 12 months post -RT the anaemic group had: pre-RT anaemia in 70%, reduced glomerular filtration rate in 57%, viral infections in 50% (mainly CMV), graft dysfunction in 29%, iron deficiency in 26% and recurrent urinary infections in 12%. Viral infection was the only statistically significant factor at the 12 months analysis (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia was relevant in our centre, 67% at 12 months post-RT with a multifactorial aetiology. Viral infection was the only statistically significant associated factor. Thus, regular screening of post -transplantation anaemia and evaluation of the multiple risk factors associated is recommended. Anaemia should be properly assessed and treated.

Keywords : Anaemia; paediatric renal transplantation.

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