Abstract

MOYANO, A.; SANCHEZ, A. García; TOIRAN, L.M. Fernández  and  CHARRO, E.. Heavy metals in wild mushrooms from contaminated areas. Rev. de Ciências Agrárias [online]. 2010, vol.33, n.1, pp.13-21. ISSN 0871-018X.

Saprotroph and mycorrhizal fungi play an important role in forest ecosystem, particu­lary in the biogeochemical cycles. Sapro­ troph fungi are crucial for degradation of the organic matter. Mycorrhizal improve their hosts mineral nutrition. The mycorrhizal as­sociations give resistance in contaminated areas to the plants. Sometimes inoculated plants hold up better the contamination that non-inoculated plants. The mycelia absorbs (extracts) the soil available fraction and de­crease the heavy metal concentration in the plants. The fruit-bodies can be eaten by many animal specie as well as by humans. Some specie wild fungi have a high nutri­tional value and represent an important eco­nomical resource. Soil, mushrooms and litter were sampled in a lead (Pb)-zinc (Zn) mine (Soria prov­ince, Spain). The distribution of metals in soil, litter and fungi shows a high concentra­tion of metals in relation to the control ar­eas. The Zn soil contents ranges are 797­3540 mg/kg, Cd: 2.1-10 mg/kg and Pb: 1485-8166 mg/kg, Litter content ranges: (Zn: 92-1475 mg/kg; Cd 0.9-4.2 mg/kg; Pb: 54-2756 mg/kg) and fruit-bodies ranges: (Zn 118-915 mg/kg; Cd: 1.2-45.2 mg/kg and Pb 12-1475 mg/kg). The bioacumula­tion factors show high environmental and toxicological risks.

Keywords : Cd; Zn; Pb; soil; litter; fungi.

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