Resumo

COSTA, Horácio Maia e. As escórias de Felgar/Moncorvo. C.Tecn. Mat. [online]. 2009, vol.21, n.1-2, pp.96-112. ISSN 0870-8312.

This work is the study of old slags, existing within the Village of Felgar the Municipality of Torre de Moncorvo, gathered on a heap in order to form the basis of the Chapel of Santa Barbara, built to perpetuate the memory of miners engaged in exploration the deposits of iron from Moncorvo  (Mua) and founders that have worked in Ferraria (Smithy) of Felgar, which will be from the slag. The slag of Felgar is not dated, so it was not possible to relate the technology used here with that other ones have been adopted in the same region, known for deposits of slag. Also, this slag isn’t dated. For that, link with  the Smithies that are known in Spain, distributed by North and East, and are already well documented historically isn’t possible. This study aims to characterize metallurgicaly the slag of Felgar from the knowledge of chemical composition and metallographic structure. From these studies acknowledged that the technology of the process of reduction of hematite-magnetite siliceous ore from Moncorvo (collected from eluvial deposits) with an iron content in the order of 50%, has been the Catalan Forge. Unfortunately not yet discovered the ruins of the fixed Ferraria of what, to happen, would be a considerable added value to the knowledge of the industrial structures that would have been built. The thermodynamic study was made on the slag and the process of iron reducing, deducted. In the case of slag it was possible to observe the structure corresponding to the dissociation of iron silicates (fayalite) after melting around 1300ºC and the resulting reduction of wustite by carbon, through studies in microprobe. The structure of iron and silica in layers is of great interest since it is the demonstration that the iron reduction happened in the interface wustite-silica with diffused C, as reagent, and the diffusion of CO, reaction product, displacing in opposite directions through porous layers and deposition of porous silica. Thermodynamic study was made on the reduction process of iron ore. The study admits to infer the reduction was possible, in solid state, at the ~700ºC. For that, iron metal produced was take up solid from the Catalan Forge.

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